The Recording Process

As a follow up to the Songwriting Process discussion which has been great, I propose a new thread where those of us who sing and play instruments discuss how we take our songs from the writing stage and set about recording them. Do we have a home studio or maybe just a laptop/pad on a desk with a mic and a few peripherals? Or do we bring in other musicians and head off into a pro studio? What equipment do we use, which DAW, what Instruments - real and virtual - which plugins, mics, amps, monitors, cans etc. And do we have a routine method, or does it vary from song to song? And how about mixing and mastering? There's a lot to cover here.

I'm happy to tell my story, but I'll wait and see if there's some interest first. I hope so. 😀

Comments

  • ElvisNash
    ElvisNash Calif
    edited April 2024

    Push the button , I'll sing it , are we done ? ok see ya . A few Bob Dylan can't sing jokes , what key is that in I forget . Some song was being recorded in Nashville , the session player could not nail the part , go find Jerry reed , he was fishing , so Jerry nails it in 10 minutes goes back fishing . One green producer told the session player to play like Floyd Kramer , you idiot I am Floyd Kramer . The producer told George Jones your flat , listen again god damn it , I'm not . I guess he wasn't

  • @ElvisNash

    Ha ha..well, thanks for that comprehensive breakdown Elvis!! I can see we're off to a good start here!🙄

  • sidshovel
    sidshovel merseyside

    Good luck with your discussion Chris.

    I'll be in the stands watching and roaring you on. Way out of my league but an avid watcher.

    Sid

  • I record at home. Can't afford to send my songs off to a studio, as there is virtually no chance of making my money back. I can produce a work tape ok, but not something that is a final product.

    My setup is very simple. A computer with a DAW, audio/midi interface, a microphone with a pop filter on a stand and a cord to plug into my guitar. A MIDI keyboard for virtual instruments. Anything else is done via software on the computer.

    I only record vocals on the microphone, so a large diaphragm condenser mic works well for that.

    I don't mic the guitar, just use a direct input and apply a cab+amp simulation inside the DAW using Guitar Rig (ver 5 for me, but there are later versions).

    Getting a nice clean, clear signal on the inputs is a critical first step. You can't fix a poor initial sound recording with effects later on. You want it strong but not clipping.

    I don't use any FX on the input on the way in. Keep everything clean and add things like reverb, delay, chorus etc afterwards.

    I'll set up tempo (BPM) in the DAW, then lay down a dummy drum track to record against. I need to record against a proper beat to get the timing right, and a metronome (audio or visual) doesn't work for me. I'll remove the dummy drum track and craft a new one specific for the song later, but you do want the dummy drum track to more or less match the final groove.

    Then I'll record the guitar parts (for me there are always guitar parts!) usually over several takes which I'll comp together. Then I'll select the guitar sound FX I want.

    For bass, I often record it on guitar, then drop the pitch of the audio by an octave and send it to a Bass amp+cab simulation (again Guitar Rig). I do have a Bass Guitar, but I'm not especially good at it. There is also an option to use the keyboard to do a synth bass. Or sometimes I'll use a cello/bass for more of a string sound.

    I'll then likely do vocals, again over several takes and choosing the best parts. I need to be careful if doing this across sessions because my distance from the mic, presence or absence of the pop filter, placement and angle of the mic all make a noticeable difference in the recorded audio and the listener can tell it isn't a continuous recording, but mostly it's close enough that you don't notice.

    I'll then level the vocal volumes on the recording manually, bringing up soft parts or toning down phrases before applying any compression. I often use a VST called Vocal Doubler which adds tunable chorus FX to vocals. Often I'll duplicate the vocal track and apply the doubler just to one of them.

    At this point, there is probably only MIDI based virtual instruments left. For me that's things like piano/organ, brass, synths, flute, strings. I'm normally using these for accompaniment, rather than carrying the main groove. So I tend to fit these around the vocals in particular so having the main instrumentation and vocals already recorded makes it much easier. I am a two finger keyboardist, so I record in MIDI where I can edit mercilessly afterwards, and so I can break things down into small musical phrases that I can build iteratively.

    Sometimes I will include a solo copied across from Band-In-A-Box at this point. It will be as a MIDI file so I can choose the sound for the virtual instrument

    With all the tracks in place, it's time to mix levels. I'll try to keep the master track at around -10db and lower the volumes of other tracks around the vocal to make sure that is clear. This isn't an area I am particularly skilled at, so I do little in the way of EQing or other mastering techniques. Just set volume levels and render down to an output track.

  • sidshovel
    sidshovel merseyside

    Wow!!!

    You lost me after "I record at home."

    Is what you described typical of a musicians home studio, so much stuff!

    Sid

  • ElvisNash
    ElvisNash Calif
    edited April 2024

    I'll play this back for 4 days and learn the song

    Then sing it in studio here in Clear Lake Cal

    One ruff mix will be sent to gospel singers to add harmony

    The dry vocal will be sent the San Fran studio

    the gospel singers will also send their vocals to San Fran studio

    Also violins and hammond parts will be added to chorus

    Once BZ Lewis the San Fran Producer gets all the stems

    He spends a few hours mixing it all


    https://hearthis.at/elvis-nash-xk/piano-3-1-1-1-1/Klh/


    Sometimes it feels like a fight against a flood

    With life dragging us thru the mud

    Some man or women broke our trust

    That turns our souls to rust

    Lights turn to dark in a unkind way

    But it can turn on a smile if we say

    Chorus

    Its amazing might sound crazy 

    But miracles happen everyday 

    When you feel like your falling apart

    Cuz life is to hard 

    If we let hope become our best friend 

    The pain ends and hearts mend

    V2

    We all get broken but need to carry on 

    Find the calm in ghostly storms

    Cold nights bring on the past 

    But remember they never last 

    There's a trail of unwanted tears

    But sunlight breaks it ends the fears

    Repeat chorus 

    Bridge

    Love gets mighter brighter

    And lighter

    If we toss our regrets into the fire

    Repeat chorus



    Can Afford this RDM ? not really . they're not major studios , they have pro tools and a vocal booth . Its a naked song to sing , Will see how I do

  • ElvisNash
    ElvisNash Calif
    edited April 2024

    Maybe stop music and go back to them nasty addictions , nope i don't think so

    it’s funny we have-no problem artists addicted to heroin to get them songs , they have funny stories if they live long enough on all that


  • bz studio132.com


    I had a talk with the engineer from the last session. He recorded things almost a little too "hot" on the last song, but he's a super-nice guy, very understanding, and I think things will go smoother for us next time. Chaulk it up to "growing pains" as he gets used to your loud-ass mouth! 

     

    Rawk on!!

    -BZ


  • ElvisNash
    ElvisNash Calif
    edited April 2024

    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ngq5Aw0Q6rQ


    what's he doing ? not much just a great voice , some harmony in last chorus'es

  • ChrisPrice
    edited May 2024

    Right, my turn I guess!

    My Home Studio:

    A converted shed! You read that right! I boarded up the windows and lined it with acoustic foam - the kind they use to dampen noise in cars - it's self adhesive and relatively cheap by the roll. I can't remember where the idea came from but it works better than I dared imagine. Nice acoustics - dry but not too boxy. It isn't proper sound proofing, but it does help reduce the amount of sound emmission.

    My Equipment:

    Mac Pro 5,1, twin curved 24" screens (GTX680 GPU). Running OS Sonoma via Open Core. M-Audio Fast Track 2in 2out audio interface (ancient but great). Behringer Truth audio monitors. Rode NT1 Condenser mic - white, made in Australia - pre Chinese. ART Tube MP Preamps x2, M-Audio Oxygen 25 Keys (again ancient but great). Senheiser HD407 cans (cheap as chips and great).

    DAW & Software:

    Cubase 13 Pro. Halion7, XLN Audio Addictive Drums, IK Multimedia Hammond B3X & Lurssen Mastering Console, Waves CLA Vocal, Bass and Guitar plugins.

    Recording Process (varies but you get the idea):

    1. Pilot drum track (usually a 4/4 beat that roughly fits)
    2. Rhythm guitar (may end up in final mix)
    3. Bass Guitar ( ditto )
    4. First attempt at lead vocal ( ditto )
    5. Program the drums - a long process as I want them to sound as real as possible - think drummer.
    6. 2nd Rhythm guitar if needed.
    7. Keys if needed.
    8. Backing vocals - can be several tracks.
    9. Editing - hopefully as little as possible if the song has been planned properly. To include changes to vocals if req'd.
    10. Mixing and mastering - If I've got it right the track could be complete in minutes - if I haven't this can take forever!

    I work on my own by choice. I play bass and sing in a band and we have a separate recording project for this, but my solo project is something that I have full control over. I should have done this years ago. I'm not trying to build a career, it's a labour of love and I'm enjoying every minute of it.

    😀

  • ChrisPrice
    edited May 2024

    Oh..I forgot the guitars! Esquire (single pu monster) - started out as a Squier Tele but I added a Seymour Duncan Broadcaster PU, 5 way switching and locking tuners - best guitar I ever played - it just suits me - I don't need anything else. I have an Aria electro-acoustic which gets an outing now and then. 2x Squier Jazz Basses - upgraded pu's & electrics etc. All fed straight into the audio interface, No amplification, I use vst plugins for fx.

    No expensive 1950/60's beaten up (relic'd!!) instruments here, and absolutely no bs!!😂

  • I have a home studio with a Mac Studio/Logic Pro DAW combination, connected to UA's Apollo x6 interface. I've got a Roland RV-730 synth which serves as an input only device. I've got the Boss GT-1000core for guitar processing. Numerous guitars but my main one is a Godin Radium X equipped with piezo pickups. I've got a broad range of microphones. As far as sound generation goes, there's no limits! I produce at 24/96 kHz and downsample for demos. My equipment far exceeds my ability!

    Once I have crafted the lyrics, I'll sit at the keys and develop the melody and the chord progression. I always lay down a piano track first—and becomes the basis for everything that follows. The mix is developed using a pair of AKG Reference Headphones (I don't use the studio speakers). Once I have a rough cut of a verse or a chorus, I render to a file, I'll listen to the track on my headphones (multiple types), my car, home theatre system and of course a pair of studio reference speakers.

    I enjoy every aspect of the songwriting and production process.

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